CBSE Class 7th Science Subject Notes

CBSE Class 7 Science covering key topics:

1. Physics:

Motion and Time:

• Types of Motion: Rectilinear, circular, periodic motion.

• Speed and Velocity: Calculation of speed (distance/time), and velocity (speed in a specific direction).

• Measurement of Time: Units of time, instruments (clocks, stopwatches).

Light:

• Reflection: Laws of reflection, plane mirrors.

• Refraction: Refraction of light through glass slab, prism.

• Colours: Formation of rainbow, dispersion of light.

Electricity and Magnetism:

• Electric Circuit: Components (battery, bulb, switch), series and parallel circuits.

• Magnets: Types of magnets (natural, artificial), magnetic poles and their properties.

2. Chemistry:

Matter and Its Properties:

• States of Matter: Solid, liquid, gas; changes of state (melting, freezing, boiling).

• Mixtures and Solutions: Homogeneous, heterogeneous mixtures; concentration of solutions.

• Acids, Bases, and Salts: Definitions, indicators, neutralization reaction.

Elements and Compounds:

• Atoms and Molecules: Structure of atoms, molecules.

• Chemical Reactions: Types of reactions (combination, decomposition, displacement).

3. Biology:

Nutrition in Plants and Animals:

• Photosynthesis: Process, importance of chlorophyll.

• Digestive System: Parts and functions (mouth, stomach, small intestine).

• Respiration: Breathing process, exchange of gases in lungs.

Diversity in Living Organisms:

• Classification: Kingdoms (Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Fungi).

• Microorganisms: Types, benefits, and harmful effects.

Reproduction:

• Modes of Reproduction: Asexual (binary fission, budding) and sexual reproduction.

• Human Reproductive System: Male and female reproductive organs, menstrual cycle.

4. Environmental Science:

Ecosystems:

• Components of Ecosystem: Producers, consumers, decomposers.

• Food Chains and Webs: Energy flow, trophic levels.

• Conservation of Natural Resources: Water, forests, wildlife conservation.

Tips for Studying Science:

• Understand Concepts: Focus on understanding principles and mechanisms rather than memorization.

• Use Diagrams and Models: Visualize processes and structures to enhance understanding.

• Perform Experiments: Conduct experiments to observe scientific phenomena and verify concepts.

• Practice Application: Solve numerical problems and practical questions to apply scientific principles.

By mastering these topics and regularly practicing, students can build a strong foundation in science for CBSE Class 7. Understanding the interrelation between different scientific concepts and their real-world applications will enhance both knowledge and problem-solving skills.